A metagenomic insight into our gut's microbiome
Identifieur interne : 004910 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004909; suivant : 004911A metagenomic insight into our gut's microbiome
Auteurs : Patricia Lepage [France] ; Marion C. Leclerc [France] ; Marie Joossens [Belgique] ; Stanislas Mondot [Australie] ; Hervé M. Blottière [France] ; Jeroen Raes [Belgique] ; Dusko Ehrlich [France] ; Joel Doré [France]Source :
- Gut [ 0017-5749 ] ; 2013-01.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : écologie, écosystème, Micro-organisme.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acad, Amino acids, Archaea, Bacteria, Bacterial chromosomes, Bacterial genes, Bacterial species, Bacteriophage, Basic science, Better understanding, Body regions, Bowel, Bowel disease, Bowel diseases, Carbohydrate metabolism, Clinical status, Clone, Cohort, Collective genomes, Colorectal cancer, Commensal, Commensal bacteria, Comprehensive data resource, Core microbiome, Digestive tract, Digestive tract disorders, Dysbiosis, Ecology, Ecosystem, Enterotypes, Environmental context, Epithelial, Escherichia coli, Faecal, Faecal microbiota, Fatty acids, Functional core, Functional genomics, Functional metagenomics, Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal, Gastrointestinal tract, Gastrointestinal tract microbiota, Gene, Gene exchange, Genes encoding, Genome, Gut, Healthy individuals, Healthy people, High level, Human biology, Human body, Human cells, Human genome, Human health, Human intestine, Human microbiome, Human microbiomes, Human population, Immune system, Immunogenic properties, Intestinal, Intestinal microbiota, Irritable bowel syndrome, Mating preference, Metabolic network, Metabolism, Metabolomics, Metagenome, Metagenomic, Metagenomic analysis, Metagenomic clones, Metagenomic data, Metagenomic libraries, Metagenomic sequencing, Metagenomics, Metahit, Microbe, Microbial, Microbial communities, Microbial diversity, Microbial ecology, Microbial ecosystem, Microbial genes, Microbial pathways, Microbiol, Microbiome, Microbiome consortium, Microbiota, Microorganism, Mobile metagenome, Mucosal, Mucosal interfaces, Natl, Next generation sequencing, Obese individuals, Open reading frames, Pathway, Phage, Phage therapy, Phylogenetic, Proc, Proc natl acad, Quantitative metagenomics, Recent advances, Research group, Sequencing, Small subunit, Ulcerative colitis, Unaffected relatives, Vast majority.
- Teeft :
- Acad, Amino acids, Archaea, Bacteria, Bacterial chromosomes, Bacterial genes, Bacterial species, Bacteriophage, Basic science, Better understanding, Body regions, Bowel, Bowel disease, Bowel diseases, Carbohydrate metabolism, Clinical status, Clone, Cohort, Collective genomes, Colorectal cancer, Commensal, Commensal bacteria, Comprehensive data resource, Core microbiome, Digestive tract, Digestive tract disorders, Dysbiosis, Ecology, Ecosystem, Enterotypes, Environmental context, Epithelial, Escherichia coli, Faecal, Faecal microbiota, Fatty acids, Functional core, Functional genomics, Functional metagenomics, Gastrointestinal, Gastrointestinal tract, Gastrointestinal tract microbiota, Gene, Gene exchange, Genes encoding, Genome, Healthy individuals, Healthy people, High level, Human biology, Human body, Human cells, Human genome, Human health, Human intestine, Human microbiome, Human microbiomes, Human population, Immune system, Immunogenic properties, Intestinal, Intestinal microbiota, Irritable bowel syndrome, Mating preference, Metabolic network, Metabolism, Metabolomics, Metagenome, Metagenomic, Metagenomic analysis, Metagenomic clones, Metagenomic data, Metagenomic libraries, Metagenomic sequencing, Metagenomics, Metahit, Microbe, Microbial, Microbial communities, Microbial diversity, Microbial ecology, Microbial ecosystem, Microbial genes, Microbial pathways, Microbiol, Microbiome, Microbiome consortium, Microbiota, Microorganism, Mobile metagenome, Mucosal, Mucosal interfaces, Natl, Next generation sequencing, Obese individuals, Open reading frames, Pathway, Phage, Phage therapy, Phylogenetic, Proc, Proc natl acad, Quantitative metagenomics, Recent advances, Research group, Sequencing, Small subunit, Ulcerative colitis, Unaffected relatives, Vast majority.
Abstract
Advances in sequencing technology and the development of metagenomic and bioinformatics methods have opened up new ways to investigate the 1014 microorganisms inhabiting the human gut. The gene composition of human gut microbiome in a large and deeply sequenced cohort highlighted an overall non-redundant genome size 150 times larger than the human genome. The in silico predictions based on metagenomic sequencing are now actively followed, compared and challenged using additional ‘omics’ technologies. Interactions between the microbiota and its host are of key interest in several pathologies and applying meta-omics to describe the human gut microbiome will give a better understanding of this crucial crosstalk at mucosal interfaces. Adding to the growing appreciation of the importance of the microbiome is the discovery that numerous phages, that is, viruses of prokaryotes infecting bacteria (bacteriophages) or archaea with a high host specificity, inhabit the human gut and impact microbial activity. In addition, gene exchanges within the gut microbiota have proved to be more frequent than anticipated. Taken together, these innovative exploratory technologies are expected to unravel new information networks critical for gut homeostasis and human health. Among the challenges faced, the in vivo validation of these networks, together with their integration into the prediction and prognosis of disease, may require further working hypothesis and collaborative efforts.
Url:
DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301805
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acad</term>
<term>Amino acids</term>
<term>Archaea</term>
<term>Bacteria</term>
<term>Bacterial chromosomes</term>
<term>Bacterial genes</term>
<term>Bacterial species</term>
<term>Bacteriophage</term>
<term>Basic science</term>
<term>Better understanding</term>
<term>Body regions</term>
<term>Bowel</term>
<term>Bowel disease</term>
<term>Bowel diseases</term>
<term>Carbohydrate metabolism</term>
<term>Clinical status</term>
<term>Clone</term>
<term>Cohort</term>
<term>Collective genomes</term>
<term>Colorectal cancer</term>
<term>Commensal</term>
<term>Commensal bacteria</term>
<term>Comprehensive data resource</term>
<term>Core microbiome</term>
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<term>Functional genomics</term>
<term>Functional metagenomics</term>
<term>Gastroenterology</term>
<term>Gastrointestinal</term>
<term>Gastrointestinal tract</term>
<term>Gastrointestinal tract microbiota</term>
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<term>Genes encoding</term>
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<term>Healthy people</term>
<term>High level</term>
<term>Human biology</term>
<term>Human body</term>
<term>Human cells</term>
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<term>Microbiome</term>
<term>Microbiome consortium</term>
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<term>Functional metagenomics</term>
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<term>Human biology</term>
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<term>Open reading frames</term>
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<term>Proc</term>
<term>Proc natl acad</term>
<term>Quantitative metagenomics</term>
<term>Recent advances</term>
<term>Research group</term>
<term>Sequencing</term>
<term>Small subunit</term>
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<term>Vast majority</term>
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<front><div type="abstract">Advances in sequencing technology and the development of metagenomic and bioinformatics methods have opened up new ways to investigate the 1014 microorganisms inhabiting the human gut. The gene composition of human gut microbiome in a large and deeply sequenced cohort highlighted an overall non-redundant genome size 150 times larger than the human genome. The in silico predictions based on metagenomic sequencing are now actively followed, compared and challenged using additional ‘omics’ technologies. Interactions between the microbiota and its host are of key interest in several pathologies and applying meta-omics to describe the human gut microbiome will give a better understanding of this crucial crosstalk at mucosal interfaces. Adding to the growing appreciation of the importance of the microbiome is the discovery that numerous phages, that is, viruses of prokaryotes infecting bacteria (bacteriophages) or archaea with a high host specificity, inhabit the human gut and impact microbial activity. In addition, gene exchanges within the gut microbiota have proved to be more frequent than anticipated. Taken together, these innovative exploratory technologies are expected to unravel new information networks critical for gut homeostasis and human health. Among the challenges faced, the in vivo validation of these networks, together with their integration into the prediction and prognosis of disease, may require further working hypothesis and collaborative efforts.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li>
<li>Belgique</li>
<li>France</li>
</country>
<region><li>Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Bruxelles</li>
</settlement>
</list>
<tree><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Lepage, Patricia" sort="Lepage, Patricia" uniqKey="Lepage P" first="Patricia" last="Lepage">Patricia Lepage</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Blottiere, Herve M" sort="Blottiere, Herve M" uniqKey="Blottiere H" first="Hervé M" last="Blottière">Hervé M. Blottière</name>
<name sortKey="Blottiere, Herve M" sort="Blottiere, Herve M" uniqKey="Blottiere H" first="Hervé M" last="Blottière">Hervé M. Blottière</name>
<name sortKey="Dore, Joel" sort="Dore, Joel" uniqKey="Dore J" first="Joel" last="Doré">Joel Doré</name>
<name sortKey="Dore, Joel" sort="Dore, Joel" uniqKey="Dore J" first="Joel" last="Doré">Joel Doré</name>
<name sortKey="Ehrlich, Dusko" sort="Ehrlich, Dusko" uniqKey="Ehrlich D" first="Dusko" last="Ehrlich">Dusko Ehrlich</name>
<name sortKey="Ehrlich, Dusko" sort="Ehrlich, Dusko" uniqKey="Ehrlich D" first="Dusko" last="Ehrlich">Dusko Ehrlich</name>
<name sortKey="Leclerc, Marion C" sort="Leclerc, Marion C" uniqKey="Leclerc M" first="Marion C" last="Leclerc">Marion C. Leclerc</name>
<name sortKey="Leclerc, Marion C" sort="Leclerc, Marion C" uniqKey="Leclerc M" first="Marion C" last="Leclerc">Marion C. Leclerc</name>
<name sortKey="Lepage, Patricia" sort="Lepage, Patricia" uniqKey="Lepage P" first="Patricia" last="Lepage">Patricia Lepage</name>
<name sortKey="Lepage, Patricia" sort="Lepage, Patricia" uniqKey="Lepage P" first="Patricia" last="Lepage">Patricia Lepage</name>
</country>
<country name="Belgique"><region name="Région de Bruxelles-Capitale"><name sortKey="Joossens, Marie" sort="Joossens, Marie" uniqKey="Joossens M" first="Marie" last="Joossens">Marie Joossens</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Joossens, Marie" sort="Joossens, Marie" uniqKey="Joossens M" first="Marie" last="Joossens">Marie Joossens</name>
<name sortKey="Joossens, Marie" sort="Joossens, Marie" uniqKey="Joossens M" first="Marie" last="Joossens">Marie Joossens</name>
<name sortKey="Raes, Jeroen" sort="Raes, Jeroen" uniqKey="Raes J" first="Jeroen" last="Raes">Jeroen Raes</name>
<name sortKey="Raes, Jeroen" sort="Raes, Jeroen" uniqKey="Raes J" first="Jeroen" last="Raes">Jeroen Raes</name>
</country>
<country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mondot, Stanislas" sort="Mondot, Stanislas" uniqKey="Mondot S" first="Stanislas" last="Mondot">Stanislas Mondot</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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